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白金译作 如何有效率地学习

4249个读者 翻译: metaphor  02/12/2008 原文 引用 双语对照及眉批

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How To Study Effeciently
    Uploaded by Trap Muzik on Aug 28, 2005
 

How To Study Effeciently

Have you ever failed a test because you didn抰 study for whatever reason? Maybe you didn抰 have time? Maybe your notes in inadequate or inacurate? Maybe you just don抰 know how to study?

After I finish my demonstration speech, you will know what you need to takes notes and study effectively, How to take accurate and adequate notes, how to effectively study, and how to manage you time and find the best place to study.

MATERIALS

In order to take good notes, you must have the right materials. The materials include : a textbook on the subject, loose leaf paper, binder, folder, dividers, enough pens and pencils, a pencil sharpener, a hi-lighter, a pencil case, or color box, (you抮e never too old),and an open mind.

ORGANIZATION

Now that you have your materials, organize them very well, so that you know where to find things. First, open your binder, set your loose leaf paper between the dividers. Put your folder in the front so that you can put worksheets or loose papers. Next, on the side, have your pencil case filled with enough pencils and pens on hand. Keep a pencil sharpener on hand, and a hi-lighter for important notes. Now that you are situated, you are ready to take notes.

TAKING NOTES

Before class starts or at home, if you know what the lecture is on, try to read the chapter before class starts. In order to take good notes, you have to listen to what your instructor says. If you go ahead, you may either study too much or not enough. Highlight what you don抰 understand and ask questions if you don抰 know what something means. That is why the teacher is there. Listen carefully and remain focused. Try to sit near the front of the class so you won抰 be distracted by rude classmates. Attend all classes if possible. If you can抰 make sure to get the notes from somebody. A teacher will not run behind you to give them to you. Put a date and a heading on all pages of your notes, to keep them organizaed. Save yourself some times by using symbols and abbrevitions. (poster) Don抰 use symbols you don抰 know. Copy any and everything that is placed on the blackboard. Don抰 try to squeeze everything on one sheet of paper. You will not be able to understand it when you come back to study.

AFTER CLASS IS OVER

1. Read through your notes as soon as possible.

2. Compare your notes with your fellow students after the class. Clear up all misunderstandings by consulting your lecturer or other students.

3. Reorganise and rephrase your notes to fit your studying habits. Underline and highlight key information.

TIME MANAGEMENT

- Create a personal daily / weekly schedule to plan keep track of your classes, meetings etc. Do not forget to leave time for recreation, sports, friends, reading!

- Allow enough time to sleep, and eat properly.

- Prioritise your responsibilities and tasks.

- Never go to bed unprepared for tomorrow.

- Study in a quiet place without distractions.

- Try to do all your studies during the day.

- Have 10 to 15-minute breaks in between your studies.

- Have a 'To do' list with details on what you need to do and when. Be realistic to yourself: figure out if you can do it.

THE BEST PLACE AND TIME

1. As soon as you get home, don抰 watch Rap City, take yourself a nice hot bath, eat, and take a short nap.

2. When you awake, get your booksack, and find yourself a quiet place where there are no distractions. Most people believe a library is a good place. It抯 not really. They have too much going on: people opening and closing books, computer keys being hit, people talking. etc.

3. Go somewhere where you know you will have few distractions, if any.

4. The best time to study is after you are all rested up and is relaxed. You cannot pay attention on an empty stomach. Some people can. I know I can抰.

5. Once you have did this, you are ready to sit down and study.

HOW TO STUDY EFFECTIVELY

1. Always read with a purpose

- Before you begin reading a book, ask yourself why you are reading it and what you want to learn from it.

- After finishing reading, ask yourself what you have learnt and whether your purposes have been answered.

2. If you followed the first few steps on organizing, finding a good place and time, how to take good notes, you shouldn抰 have any problems studying.

如何有效率学习

你是否曾经因为种种原因没有学习而导致考试不及格?是因为时间不够?还是因为你的笔记记得不够全面不够准确?或者只是因为你不知道怎么学习?

听完我的示范演讲,你就会知道哪些东西是记笔记和有效率学习必须的,怎么样记下准确又充足的笔记,怎么样有效率的学习,怎么安排你的时间,和怎么找到学习的最佳场所。

 

材料

要记一份好的笔记,你必须有恰当的材料,包括:教科书、活页纸、活页封面、文件夹、活页环、足够的钢笔和铅笔、削笔刀、荧光笔、铅笔盒或者水彩盒,以及活跃的大脑。

 

布置

当你准备好你的材料以后,适当地摆放好它们,这样你才知道怎么找到他们。第一,打开你的夹子,把你的活页纸夹进夹子里,把文件夹放在前面,这样你可以把你的作业或者是活页纸放在里面,然后在旁边你可以放装满了足够的铅笔和钢笔的铅笔盒。备着一个削笔刀,也备着一支荧光笔来标出重要的笔记。等你都摆放好了以后,你可以开始记笔记了。

 

记笔记

在课程开始之前或者是在家里,如果你知道这个课要讲什么,试着在课程开始之前看看这章的内容。想要记下好的笔记,你必须要听着你的导师在讲什么。如果你不这么做,你可能学得太多,或者学得不够。把你不懂的地方标出来,如果不能理解某些东西,就问问题。回答问题正是老师的责任。上课时要一直仔细地集中注意力的听。尽量坐在教室的前面,这样才不会被别的不愿意听课的学生打扰。如果你不能从某人哪里拿到笔记,尽量去上所有的课。老师不会追着你给你笔记。在你的笔记的每一页的页眉上都记上日期,让它比较有条理。你可以用符号和缩写让你自己记得更快,但是不要用你自己都记不住的符号。一定要把白板上的所有东西都记下来,也不要试着把所有的东西都挤在一张纸上,这样你回家学习的时候,会看不懂你自己写了什么。

 

下课以后

尽快地把你的笔记看一遍。

把你的笔记和你同学的笔记比较一下,通过向同学或者老师询问,搞懂那些没有理解的东西。

 

时间安排

1.        根据你的课程、会议等制定一个个人的日计划或者周计划,但是也不要忘了给自己留下娱乐、运动、交友和阅读的时间。

2.        保证睡眠充足、饮食健康。

3.        把你的任务和功课按重要程度排序。

4.        没有准备好第二天的课程之前不要睡觉。

5.        在一个安静的不会被打扰的地方学习

6.        尽量在白天完成你的所有的学习

7.        学习时应该有每次10-15分钟的休息时间。

8.        列一个“要做的事情”的单子,详细记录什么时候做,做什么。你应该实际一点,清楚你自己能不能做到。

 

学习的最佳时间和地点

1.        回到家以后,不要看电视,舒舒服服地洗个澡,吃点东西,睡上一会儿。

2.        醒了以后,拿起你的书袋,找到一个安静的不会被打扰的地方学习。大多数人认为图书馆是一个好地方,事实并非如此。这里有太多的动静:人们翻书合上书的声音,敲击电脑键盘的声音,和人们的说话声等等。

3.        如果有的话,到一个你认为没有干扰的地方去。

4.        最好的学习时间是你休息好了,并且很放松的时候。当你的胃空空如也的时候,你是不可能集中注意学习的。也许有人可以,但是我知道起码我不行。

5.        如果你这样做了,你已经准备好坐下来开始学习了。

 

怎样有效率学习

1.        一定要有目的地阅读。

2.        在读一本书之前,问问你自己为什么要读,你想从中学到什么。

3.        读完以后,问问自己你学到了什么,你的目的是否达到了。

 

如果你合理安排,找到学习的最佳时间和场所,知道如何记好笔记,你就不可能有学习的问题了。


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